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Discharge characteristics VRLA batteries are subject to capacity test before leaving the factory. According to YD / t799-1996 standard, the steps of capacity test are as follows: (1) First, fully charge the tested VRLA battery. (2) Leave the VRLA battery under test for 1 ~ 24h to make the surface temperature of the battery reach […]
Because VRLA battery has the advantages of low price, stable voltage and no pollution, it has been widely used in communication, electric power, transportation, photovoltaic power generation and other fields in recent years. However, recently, many users have reported that VRLA batteries that should have worked for 10 ~ 15 years are mostly damaged within […]
In the mid-19th century, the advent of lead-acid batteries solved the problem of random power consumption of some electrical equipment. But after more than 100 years of development, its working principle has basically not changed. The chemical equation of its normal charge and discharge is:PbO2+2H2SO4+Pb↔2PbSO4+2H2O The above normal charge and discharge chemical equations are idealized […]
1) The capacity of the batteryThe amount of electricity that the battery can give under certain discharge conditions is called the capacity of the battery, which is commonly expressed as C. However, when a battery is used as a power source, since its terminal voltage is a variable value, it is more accurate to use […]
For the types of batteries, as far as the mainstream products on the market are concerned, there are four types of batteries: lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium (NiCd) batteries, nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries and lithium ion (Liion) batteries. The battery can be used repeatedly, which is in line with the principle of economy and practicality. This […]
Two key issues in developing solar cells are: improving conversion efficiency and reducing cost. Due to the low cost and easy mass production of amorphous silicon thin film solar cells, they have been widely paid attention to and developed rapidly. As early as the early 1970s, Carlson et al. started the research and development of […]
Although monocrystalline silicon solar cells have their advantages, their high price hinders the development of monocrystalline silicon solar cells in the low-cost market. The polycrystalline silicon solar cell is the first to reduce costs, followed by efficiency. Although polycrystalline silicon solar cells and monocrystalline silicon solar cells have different crystal structures, the photovoltaic principle is […]
Monocrystalline silicon solar cells are cut from cylindrical ingots, not complete squares, resulting in some waste of refined silicon materials. Therefore, most of the monocrystalline silicon will have gaps in the four corners, which are easy to distinguish in appearance. The structure and production process of monocrystalline silicon solar cells have been finalized, and the […]
The production of solar cells is mainly based on semiconductor materials, and its working principle is to use photoelectric materials to absorb light energy and generate a photoelectric conversion effect. Depending on the materials used, solar cells are classified as shown in Figure 1. According to the crystalline state, solar cells can be divided into […]
1) Photoelectric characteristics of solar cellsWhen light hits the solar cell, currents IR and IJ flow through the load resistance R of the solar cell and inside the solar cell, respectively, where IJ is the forward current through the PN junction. When the illumination is constant, the photocurrent IP=IR+IJ is also constant. The flow of […]